This proposal aims to establish a standardized method for creating new intellectual properties (IPs) by remixing multiple existing IPs in a decentralized manner.
The protocol is built on the foundation of NFTs (Non-Fungible Tokens). Within this protocol, each intellectual property is represented as an NFT. It extends the ERC-721 standard, enabling users to generate a new NFT by remixing multiple existing NFTs. To ensure transparency and traceability in the creation process, the relationships between the new NFT and the original NFTs are recorded on the blockchain and made publicly accessible.
Furthermore, to enhance the liquidity of IP, users not only have the ability to remix NFTs they own but can also grant permission to others to participate in the creation of new NFTs using their own NFTs.
The internet is flooded with fresh content every day, but with the traditional IP infrastructure, IP registration and licensing is a headache for digital creators. The rapid creation of content has eclipsed the slower pace of IP registration, leaving much of this content unprotected. This means digital creators can't fairly earn from their work's spread.
| Traditional IP Infrastructure | Open IP Infrastructure | |
|---|---|---|
| IP Registration | Long waits, heaps of paperwork, and tedious back-and-forths. | An NFT represents intellectual property; the owner of the NFT holds the rights to the IP. |
| IP Licensing | Lengthy discussions, legal jargon, and case-by-case agreements. | A one-stop global IP licensing market that supports various licensing agreements. |
With this backdrop, we're passionate about building an Open IP ecosystem tailored for today's digital creators. Here, with just a few clicks, creators can register, license, and monetize their content globally, without geographical or linguistic barriers.
The keywords “MUST,” “MUST NOT,” “REQUIRED,” “SHALL,” “SHALL NOT,” “SHOULD,” “SHOULD NOT,” “RECOMMENDED,” “MAY,” and “OPTIONAL” in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119.
Interface
This protocol standardizes how to remix multiple existing NFTs and create a new NFT derivative work (known as a combo), while their relationships can be traced on the blockchain. It contains three core modules, remix module, network module, and license module.
This module extends the ERC-721 standard and enables users to create a new NFT by remixing multiple existing NFTs, whether they’re ERC-721 or ERC-1155.
By default, users can only remix multiple NFTs they own to create new NFT derivative works. This module enables NFT holders to grant others permission to use their NFTs in the remixing process.
This module follows the singleton pattern and is used to track all relationships between the original NFTs and their NFT derivative works.
The Open IP Protocol is built on the "1 premise, 2 extensions, 1 constant" principle.
The “1 premise” means that for any IP in the Open IP ecosystem, an NFT stands for that IP. So, if you have the NFT, you own the IP. That’s why the Open IP Protocol is designed as an extended protocol compatible with ERC-721.
The “2 extensions” refer to the diversification of IP licensing and remixing.
IP licensing methods are diverse. For example, delegating an NFT to someone else is one type of licensing, setting a price for the number of usage rights is another type of licensing, and even pricing based on auction, AMM, or other pricing mechanisms can develop different licensing methods. Therefore, the license module is designed allowing various custom licensing methods.
IP remixing rules are also diverse. When remixing multiple existing NFTs, whether to support ERC-1155, whether to limit the range of NFT selection, and whether the NFT is consumed after remixing, there is no standard. So, the remix module is designed to support custom remixing rules.
The "1 constant" refers to the fact that the traceability information of IP licensing is always public and unchangeable. Regardless of how users license or remix IPs, the relationship between the original and new IPs remains consistent. Moreover, if all IP relationships are recorded in the same database, it would create a vast IP network. If other social or gaming dApps leverage this network, it can lead to entirely novel user experiences. Hence, this protocol's network module is designed as a singleton.
This proposal is fully backwards compatible with the existing ERC-721 standard, extending the standard with new functions that do not affect the core functionality.
This standard highlights several security concerns that need attention:
Ownership and Permissions: Only the NFT owner or those granted by them should be allowed to remix NFTs into NFT derivative works. It's vital to have strict access controls to prevent unauthorized creations.
Reentrancy Risks: Creating derivative works might require interacting with multiple external contracts, like the remix, license, and network modules. This could open the door to reentrancy attacks, so protective measures are necessary.
Gas Usage: Remixing NFTs can be computation-heavy and involve many contract interactions, which might result in high gas fees. It's important to optimize these processes to keep costs down and maintain user-friendliness.
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