This EIP includes EIP-7702 authorization data in the EIP-7623 floor calculation, preventing circumvention of floor pricing through authorization lists. This effectively reduces the worst-case block size by ~16% with minimal user impact (~0.001% of mainnet transactions affected).
EIP-7702 authorization tuples are priced for execution (PER_EMPTY_ACCOUNT_COST = 25,000 gas per authorization) but do not contribute to the EIP-7623 floor calculation.
Under EIP-7976 floor pricing, this enables circumventing the floor by combining all-non-zero calldata with authorization data at a 25%/75% (calldata/auths) gas split.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
TOTAL_COST_FLOOR_PER_TOKEN | 16 | EIP-7976 |
FLOOR_COST_PER_AUTH | 6464 | 101 bytes × 4 tokens × 16 gas |
PER_EMPTY_ACCOUNT_COST | 25000 | EIP-7702 |
The EIP-7623 floor calculation is modified to include authorization data:
The gas used calculation becomes:
A transaction is invalid if its gas_limit is less than tx.gasUsed evaluated with execution_gas_used = 0.
Each authorization is charged a flat FLOOR_COST_PER_AUTH = 6464 gas toward the floor, derived from:
TOTAL_COST_FLOOR_PER_TOKEN)This conservative approach avoids byte-level zero/non-zero accounting while ensuring authorization data is properly reflected in the floor calculation.
At the floor under EIP-7976 every byte costs 64 gas regardless of value, so the optimal attacker uses all-non-zero calldata (incompressible under snappy) at the standard rate of 16 gas/byte and spends the remainder on auths. The break-even split is (64 − 16) / 64 = 75% on auths and 25% on calldata. At a 60M gas limit:
Empirical analysis over the last 6 months (2025-11-08 to 2026-05-08) (impact report) shows that only 0.124% of type-4 transactions (0.001% of all mainnet) and 0.330% of type-4 senders would be affected by this EIP.
Authorization costs are added to the floor calculation only, not to intrinsic gas. This differs from EIP-7981 (access lists) because:
With this change:
This is a backwards incompatible gas repricing that requires a scheduled network upgrade.
Requires updates to gas estimation in wallets and nodes. Normal usage patterns remain largely unaffected since authorization execution cost typically dominates the floor contribution.
Old floor: 21,000 gas New floor: 21,000 + 10 × 6,464 = 85,640 gas Intrinsic: 21,000 + 10 × 25,000 = 271,000 gas Result: Pay intrinsic (271,000) — execution dominates, EIP-8131 has no effect
Old floor: 21,000 + 100,000 × 64 = 6,421,000 gas New floor: 21,000 + 100,000 × 64 + 225 × 6,464 = 7,875,400 gas Intrinsic: 21,000 + 100,000 × 16 + 225 × 25,000 = 7,246,000 gas Pre-EIP-8131: max(7,246,000, 6,421,000) = 7,246,000 (intrinsic wins, floor bypassed) Post-EIP-8131: max(7,246,000, 7,875,400) = 7,875,400 (floor wins, bypass blocked)
This EIP closes a loophole that allows circumventing EIP-7623 floor pricing. Without this fix, adversaries can achieve larger blocks than intended by combining calldata with authorization data.
If EIP-7981 is also adopted, both EIPs work together: access list tokens and authorization tokens are both included in the floor calculation. There are no conflicts.
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